Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography Practice Exam

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In the context of agriculture, what revolution started in the 17th century?

  1. The Green Revolution

  2. The First Agricultural Revolution

  3. The Second Agricultural Revolution

  4. The Technological Agricultural Revolution

The correct answer is: The Second Agricultural Revolution

The Second Agricultural Revolution began in the 17th century and is characterized by significant advancements in agricultural practices that improved crop yields and efficiency. This period followed the First Agricultural Revolution, which occurred much earlier and primarily involved the domestication of plants and animals. During the Second Agricultural Revolution, innovations such as crop rotation, selective breeding of livestock, and the introduction of new machinery like the seed drill were developed and implemented. These changes led to more productive farming methods, allowing for the growth of surplus food and thus supporting population growth and urbanization. In contrast, the Green Revolution refers to a later period in the mid-20th century focused on the introduction of high-yielding crop varieties and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Technological Agricultural Revolution is not a widely recognized term associated with a specific historical context, making it a less relevant choice in this scenario.